Los Metatheria sudamericanos de comienzos del Neógeno (Mioceno Temprano, Edad-mamífero Colhuehuapense). Parte I: Introducción, Didelphimorphia y Sparassodonta
Abstract
Resumen. Este trabajo constituye el primero, de una serie de tres, dedicado a revisar la taxonomía de los Metatheria del Mioceno Temprano (Edad-mamífero Colhuehuapense) de América del Sur. Los niveles colhuehuapenses de la Gran Barranca del Lago Colhue Huapi (Departamento de Sarmiento, Provincia del Chubut, Argentina) son los más ricos en especímenes de esta edad. Los paisajes colhuehuapenses de Patagonia central se desarrollaron en la planicie costera de un área peninsular, inicialmente sometida a una intensa erosión y luego agradada por sedimentos fluviales y loéssicos (eólicos). Los registros de la vegetación (palinomorfos y fitolitos) sugieren una etapa de importantes cambios ambientales, desde condiciones xéricas a cálido-húmedas. En zonas elevadas o alejadas del mar prevalecieron bosques templado-húmedos, mientras que en áreas bajas-litorales dominaron hierbas (gramíneas) y arbustos con vegetación arbórea subordinada o en parches. El clima habría sido templado-cálido a cálido y posiblemente subhúmedo, con mayores precipitaciones en zonas elevadas. Del análisis taxonómico se destacan: (1) el registro más antiguo de didelfimorfios Didelphoidea, incluyendo, probablemente, el más antiguo calurómido, (2) la gran diversidad de carnívoros del Orden Sparassodonta, incluyendo el más antiguo registro de un Thylacosmilidae; (3) el reconocimiento de una nueva especie del mamífero incertae sedis Necrolestes. Entre los taxones aquí revisados se describe la nueva especie Necrolestesmirabilis. Abstract. SOUTH AMERICAN METATHERIANS FROM THE BEGINING OF THE NEOGENE (EARLY MIOCENE, COLHUEHUAPAN LAND-MAMMAL AGE). PART 1: INTRODUCTION, DIDELPHIMORPHIA AND SPARASSODONTA.This work is the first, of a series of three, taxonomic reviews of the Early Miocene (Colhuehuapian Land-Mammal Age) South American metatherians. Colhuehuapian levels from the Gran Barranca south of the Colhue Huapi lake (Sarmiento Department, Chubut Province, Argentina) are the richest ones in specimens of this age. Colhuehuapian landscapes from Central Patagonia developed in a coastal plain located in a peninsular area, which originally suffered an intense erosion and subsequentely was agradded with fluvial and loessic (eolian) sediments. Palinomorphs and phytoliths suggest a period characterized by significant environmental changes, from xeric (middle Early Miocene) to humid-warm conditions (late Early Miocene). In uplands or areas far from the sea, temperate-humid closed forests prevailed, but in lowlands or litoral areas herbaceous (grass) plants and shrubs dominated, with subordinated or patchy arboreal vegetation. Paleoclimate would have been warm-temperate to warm and probably subhumid, more rainy in highlands. The most important results of this analysis are: (1) the oldest record of Didelphoidea didelphimorphians, including, probably, the oldest known caluromyid; (2) the recognition of a great diversity of carnivores belonging to the Order Sparassodonta, including the oldest record of a Thylacosmilidae; (3) the recognition of a new species of the incertae sedis mammal Necrolestes. Among the taxa reviewed here we describe the new species Necrolestes mirabilis.Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors publishing in Ameghiniana have the option of making their article freely available online. Authors opting for the Open Access must pay a fee of $300 (US dollars) to cover article-processing costs and to ensure the article is made open access. Please contact the Production Team after the acceptance of your manuscript if you are interested in making your article Open Access. This option implies by default a license Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial-NoDerivs License (CC BY NC ND). If your funding institution requires a different licensing option please communicate this to the Production Team after the acceptance of your manusctipt.