A new South American mioclaenid (Mammalia: Ungulatomorpha) from the Tertiary of Patagonia, Argentina
Abstract
Abstract. A new Mioclaenidae “condylarth” of the Casamayoran Land Mammal Age, Barrancan subage, from Paso de Indios, Chubut Province is described. The new taxon Pascualodus patagoniensis gen. et sp. nov., represented by a left upper first molar, is compared with other Mioclaenidae; the Didolodontidae and some primitive litopterns. A provisory phylogenetic hypothesis is represented by a strict consensus tree and a 50 percent majority rule consensus tree. Although the analysis confirms the inclusion of the South American taxa in a single monophyletic group, some relationships remain unresolved. Pascualodus patagoniensis is a terminal taxon in an unresolved politomy which also includes the South American Mioclaenidae and a clade comprising the Didolodontidae + Litopterna. The addition of upper dental characters of Escribania chubutensis, previously the only known Patagonian Mioclaenidae, clearly changes its relationships and allies it with the Didolodontidae Didolodus. The assignation of Pascualodus patagoniensis to the Mioclaenidae represents the geologically youngest and southernmost record for this family. Resumen. UN NUEVO MIOCLAENIDO SUDAMERICANO (MAMMALIA: UNGULATOMORPHA) DEL TERCIARIO DE PATAGONIA, ARGENTINA. Se describe un nuevo “condilartro” Mioclaenidae, proveniente de la Edad Mamífero Casamayorense, Subedad Barranquense, de Paso de Indios, Provincia del Chubut. El nuevo taxón Pascualodus patagoniensis gen. et sp. nov., representado por un molar superior izquierdo, es comparado con otros Mioclaenidae, con los Didolodontidae y los más primitivos Litopterna. Una hipótesis filogenética provisoria es expresada a través de un cladograma de consenso estricto y uno de compromiso de mayoría. Si bien el análisis confirma la agrupación de los taxa sudamericanos en un grupo monofilético, existen numerosos puntos sin resolver. Pascualodus patagoniensis se ubica como un taxón terminal, en una politomía que reúne por un lado a los Mioclaenidae sudamericanos y por el otro, a los Didolodontidae y Litopterna. Por otra parte la consideración de caracteres dentales superiores de Escribania chubutensis, previamente el único Mioclaenidae patagónico conocido, modifica sus relaciones filogenéticas vinculándolo al Didolodontidae Didolodus sp. La asignación de Pascualodus patagoniensis a los Mioclaenidae constituye el registro más moderno y el más austral de la familia.Downloads
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